​Ceramic-polymer composites for self-recovery superhydrophobic surfaces

​Numerous investigations have focused on facilitating dropwise condensation through superhydrophobic surfaces featuring high contact angles and minimal hysteresis, effectively expelling droplets. However, the challenge persists in identifying durable low-surface-energy coatings that can withstand the rigorous conditions experienced by many condensers. Therefore, we introduce two categories of robust and scalable ceria-based surfaces exhibiting superhydrophobicity with a remarkably low contact angle hysteresis (<5°). Notably, the superhydrophobic behavior is achieved via hydrocarbon adsorption on the surfaces rather than relying on external surface coatings. Our developed coatings demonstrate exceptional durability, even when subjected to diverse and demanding environmental conditions, encompassing mechanical and acidity/salinity damage, and frosting/defrosting cycle. The novel coatings exhibit prolonged dropwise condensation, resulting in improved heat transfer efficiency over extended durations. Additionally, the introduced coating exhibits an effective delay in frosting onset owing to its outstanding superhydrophobic properties.