Metal 3D-printed heat exchangers 

Metal additive manufacturing enables the creation of intricate three-dimensional models that cannot be produced using traditional manufacturing methods, offering a noteworthy avenue for innovative enhancements in heat exchanger design and performance. By applying the highly complex Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structure as the foundation for heat exchangers, which is unattainable through conventional means, we achieved approximately 1.5 times higher heat exchange capacity than commercially available heat exchangers of the same volume. This research holds promise for enhancing the efficiency of various thermal management systems.